In biology, a mutation is an alteration within the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Viral genomes are often of either DNA or RNA. Mutations result from errors during DNA replication, mitosis, and meiosis or other sorts of damage to DNA (such as pyrimidine dimers which will be caused by exposure to radiation or carcinogens), which then may undergo error-prone repair (especially microhomology-mediated end joining) or cause a mistake during other sorts of repair alternatively may cause a mistake during replication (translesion synthesis). Mutations can also result from insertion or deletion of segments of DNA thanks to mobile genetic elements. Open access (OA) may be a set of principles and a variety of practices through which research outputs are distributed online, freed from cost or other access barriers. With open access strictly defined (according to the 2001 definition), or libre open access, barriers to copying or reuse also are reduced or removed by applying an open license for copyright. The most focus of the open access movement is "peer reviewed research literature." Historically, this has centered mainly on print-based academic journals. Whereas conventional (non-open access) journals cover publishing costs through access tolls like subscriptions, site licenses or pay-per-view charges, open-access journals are characterised by funding models which don't require the reader to pay to read the journal's contents. Open access are often applied to all or any sorts of published research output, including peer-reviewed and non-peer reviewed academic journal articles, conference papers, theses, book chapters, and monographs.
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Review Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Review Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Review Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Review Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal
Original Article: BioTechnology: An Indian Journal