Research
, Volume: 22( 3)The Study of Stability of Imazethapyr in the Presence of Some Ions in Water and Milk Samples
UV–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy is one of the most widely used analytical techniques in modern scientific research for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical substances. Based on the interaction of ultraviolet and visible light with matter, the technique provides valuable information about the electronic transitions of molecules, thereby aiding in structure elucidation, concentration determination, and reaction monitoring. Its simplicity, rapidity, cost-effectiveness, and non-destructive nature have led to its adoption across diverse fields including chemistry, biology, pharmaceuticals, environmental science, and material science. This article provides an overview of the principles of UV–Vis spectroscopy, its working mechanism, and the significance of the technique in contemporary research.
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the stability of imazethapyr in different chemical and physical conditions such as temperature, ionic strength, pH, presence of metallic ions (Ag+ , Cu+2, Na+ , Mg+2) in water and milk matrix. The results were shown that temperature and pH have no effect on degradation or interaction of imazethapyr and only copper ion have selective interaction with imazethapyr. The copper ion can form complex with imazethapyr. Monitoring of imazethapyr was performed using liquid chromatography system.
UV–Vis spectroscopy is a fundamental analytical technique that measures the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light by molecules, providing crucial information about their electronic structure and behavior. The basis of the technique lies in the promotion of electrons from lower-energy molecular orbitals to higher-energy orbitals upon interaction with electromagnetic radiation in the UV–Vis region, typically between 200 and 800 nm. This absorption process depends on the molecular structure, specifically the presence of chromophores and auxochromes that determine the wavelength and intensity of absorption. The resulting absorption spectrum acts as a molecular fingerprint, enabling scientists to identify compounds, compare structural changes, and evaluate purity. One of the most important quantitative aspects of UV–Vis spectroscopy is governed by the Beer–Lambert law, which establishes a linear relationship between absorbance and concentration under ideal conditions. This makes the technique particularly useful for determining the concentration of analytes in solution with high precision. The non-destructive nature of UV–Vis analysis allows samples to be recovered after measurement, making it suitable for routine analysis in laboratories and industrial settings. Citation: Adrian Mitchell. Advances and Applications of Chromatography in Modern Analytical Chemistry. Anal Chem Ind J.. 3(3):132. 1 © 2021 Trade Science Inc. www.tsijournals.com | December-2021 Technological advancements in UV–Vis instrumentation have greatly improved sensitivity, stability, and analytical efficiency. Modern spectrophotometers incorporate features such as diode-array detectors, automated sample handling, and sophisticated software capable of spectral analysis, baseline correction, and data interpretation. Additionally, miniaturized and portable UV Vis instruments have expanded the scope of field-based applications, especially in environmental monitoring and quality control. The versatility of UV–Vis spectroscopy has led to its extensive application across multiple scientific disciplines. In chemistry, it aids in reaction kinetics, equilibrium studies, and identification of organic and inorganic compounds. In biological sciences, UV–Vis spectroscopy is essential for protein and nucleic acid quantification, enzyme activity assays, and biomolecular interaction studies. Pharmaceutical industries rely on the technique for drug formulation analysis, stability testing, impurity profiling, and dissolution studies. Environmental scientists use UV–Vis spectroscopy to detect pollutants such as nitrates, phosphates, heavy metals, and aromatic compounds in water and soil samples. Given its ability to provide rapid and reliable analytical data, UV–Vis spectroscopy continues to play a vital role in research and industrial applications. As technology progresses, newer hybrid and coupled techniques such as UV–Vis coupled with flow injection analysis or chromatographic methods are expanding the capabilities of this already powerful analytical tool, ensuring its ongoing relevance in scientific advancement. Conclusion UV–Vis spectroscopy remains a cornerstone of analytical science due to its simplicity, reliability, and wide-ranging applicability. Its ability to provide insight into molecular electronic transitions and determine analyte concentrations with precision has made it indispensable across numerous scientific fields. As advancements in instrumentation and data analysis continue, UV–Vis spectroscopy is poised to remain an essential tool for future research and technological development. Its continued evolution ensures that it will play a significant role in addressing emerging scientific challenges and enhancing analytical methodologies worldwide.
