Abstract
Synthesis of Asymmetric Cyanine Dyes in Solid State
Author(s): Camila JonesCyanine Dyes (CD) are a type of organic molecule utilised in a variety of applications, including photography and bioimaging. High molar extinction coefficients up to 105 L mol-1cm-1 and absorption spectra spanning from 500 nm to 1000 nm are the most well-known properties of CDs, which can be fine-tuned by lengthening the length of the central methylene bridge or altering the terminal heterocycles. New synthetic approaches, such as microwave-assisted and solid-phase procedures, have been developed in recent decades to address the limitations of traditional synthetic processes. While the microwave method lowers the time that reagents and products are exposed to thermal deterioration, the solid-phase method allows for simpler synthetic methods, which results in higher yields and easier product purification. The current study provides a thorough examination of solid-phase methods for the synthesis of asymmetrical CDs, as well as a critical assessment of the differences between the currently available solid-state methodologies. Cyanine Dyes (CD) are an organic functional dye with a chemical structure in which two nitrogen atoms are joined by a single or multiple methane group to generate a delocalized system with an odd number of atoms.
