Abstract

Biosensors: Principles, Design, and Applications in Modern Biotechnology

Author(s): Samuel Adeyemi

Biosensors are analytical devices that combine a biological recognition element with a physicochemical transducer to detect and quantify specific analytes. They have become indispensable tools in healthcare, environmental monitoring, food safety, and industrial biotechnology due to their high sensitivity, specificity, and rapid response. Continuous advancements in material science, nanotechnology, and molecular biology have significantly enhanced biosensor performance and expanded their application range. This article presents an overview of biosensors, focusing on their fundamental principles, types, and growing importance in modern scientific and technological contexts.