Abstract

Climate Change Impacts on Indian Agriculture

Author(s): Rakesh Kumar Sharma

Climate change has emerged as one of the most critical challenges affecting agricultural sustainability in India. Variations in temperature, rainfall patterns, and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events have significantly influenced crop productivity, soil health, and farmers’ livelihoods. Indian agriculture, which is largely dependent on monsoon rainfall, is highly vulnerable to climate induced stresses such as droughts, floods, and heat waves. These changes threaten food security and economic stability, particularly for small and marginal farmers. This article examines the major impacts of climate change on Indian agriculture, including crop yield variability, water stress, soil degradation, and socio-economic consequences. It also highlights the urgent need for adaptive strategies to ensure sustainable agricultural development in the changing climatic scenario.