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Editorial
, Volume: 18( 1)Chromatography: Principles, Techniques, and Applications in Modern Analysis
Chromatography is one of the most powerful and widely used analytical techniques for the separation, identification, and quantification of components in complex mixtures. Its effectiveness is based on the differential distribution of analytes between a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Over the years, chromatography has evolved into several specialized forms, including gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography, each offering distinct advantages in sensitivity, resolution, and speed. This article presents a comprehensive overview of chromatography, focusing on its fundamental principles, operational mechanisms, and broad range of applications in scientific research, pharmaceutical analysis, environmental monitoring, and biochemical studies. The continued development of chromatographic methods has significantly enhanced analytical precision and reliability in modern laboratories. Keywords: Chromatography, Separation techniques, Stationary phase, Mobile phase, Analytical chemistry, HPLC
Abstract
Chromatography plays a crucial role in analytical science by enabling the separation of individual components from complex mixtures. The technique is based on the principle that different substances migrate at different rates due to variations in their interaction with a stationary phase and a mobile phase. This differential movement allows components to be separated, detected, and analyzed with high accuracy. Chromatography has become indispensable in numerous scientific disciplines because of its versatility, sensitivity, and ability to handle a wide range of sample types. In pharmaceutical research, it is extensively used for drug development, quality control, and impurity profiling. Environmental scientists rely on chromatography to detect pollutants at trace levels, while biochemists use it to purify proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules. Advances in instrumentation, such as automated systems, high resolution detectors, and computer-assisted data analysis, have further enhanced the efficiency and reproducibility of chromatographic techniques. The integration of chromatography with other analytical methods has expanded its capabilities, making it a cornerstone of modern analytical chemistry and industrial applications. Citation: Kavita Nair. Chromatography: Principles, Techniques, and Applications in Modern Analysis. Biochem Ind J. 19(1):206. 1 © 2025 Trade Science Inc. www.tsijournals.com | December-2025 Conclusion Chromatography remains a fundamental and indispensable technique in analytical science due to its exceptional ability to separate and analyze complex mixtures. Its wide applicability across pharmaceutical, environmental, chemical, and biological fields highlights its significance in both research and industry. Continuous advancements in chromatographic methods and instrumentation have improved sensitivity, resolution, and analytical speed, ensuring its relevance in addressing modern scientific challenges. As analytical demands continue to grow, chromatography will remain a vital tool for achieving accuracy, reliability, and innovation in scientific investigations.
