Abstract
A Theoretical Model of Space Density: Connecting Electric Charge, Mass, and Internal Energy
Author(s): Vadim Khoruzhenko*My work represents a macroscopic generalization of the Kaluza-Klein theories for quantum systems, concerning the existence of an additional fifth dimension in our space. This allowed Kaluza to unify the descriptions of gravity and electromagnetism within a single mathematical structure. Later, Oskar Klein added a crucial element to Kaluza’s theory by proposing that the fifth dimension is compactified into a very small circle with a radius on the order of the Planck length. Due to its minuteness, this dimension remains invisible at ordinary scales. Additionally, I drew upon ideas proposed by Feynman, who suggested using the concept of energy density in space to describe electromagnetic interactions at the quantum level within the framework of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). This theory helps explain how, at short distances, charge screening and renormalization occur due to interactions with virtual particles in the vacuum. In my work, I attempt to describe the observable effects at the macroscopic level, such as the electric interaction of charges and the gravitational interaction of massive bodies, through an intuitively understandable process of spatial disturbance. This disturbance is first expressed in the disruption of the uniform distribution of spatial density and then in the curvature of the spherically symmetric structure of the disturbance. In formulating my theory at a macroscopic level, which implies a statistical averaging of the processes described by Kaluza, Klein, and Feynman at the quantum level, I was primarily inspired by the ideas proposed by these scientists. I aimed to formalize their mathematical concepts into simple and intuitively understandable postulates, which lead to observable effects in macro-objects. One such effect is the attenuation of the electric field at short distances between charges, similar to the processes occurring at the quantum level. Based on innovative theoretical insights, this work provides yet another alternative confirmation of the Theory of Relativity regarding the equivalence of energy and mass of elementary particles.
