Human Genetics Online Journals

Human genetics is the study of the human genome and how genes are transmitted through generations. The human genome consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes(22 pairs of homologous chromosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes), each containing genes that code for proteins within the cell. There are two forms of the same gene on all homologous chromosome pairs known as alleles which are passed from parent to offspring. Hereditary disorders are also transmitted from parent to offspring via various heritage forms, such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked, and mitochondrial inheritance. These diseases often result from alterations that are called mutations within an individual's genes. Although some mutations are benign, many cause as a disease cellular dysfunction. Understanding the mechanisms underlying genetic material transmission is vital to understanding and treating diseases which have a genetic component.

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